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Offset
Provider:
Non-
Profit
Offset Types
Project Types
Approx Price
per ton CO2
Project
Certification/
Standards*
AtmosClear
Massachusetts
No
Auto,
Home,Business
Methane in Illinois,
Mini-Hydro
$15 per ton
$475 for 100
ERT,VCS
Atmosfair
Germany+
Yes
Air
Solar, Waste, Methane in
Developing World
23 Euros per
ton
GS CDM
BeGreen
Texas
No
Auto, Home, Air
Wind,Solar,Biomass
Reforestation in US
$14-20 per ton
EPA, Third Party
Verification,
CCAR, CCX
Bonneville
Environmental
Foundation
Oregon
Yes
Home, Travel,
Event, Business
Solar on Schools and
Watershed Restoration in US
$20, minimum
2 tons
GeE
Carbon Clear
UK
No
Travel,Auto,
Home,Babies
Worldwide renewable
energy and energy
efficiency projects and
community tree planting
projects (up to 20%)
£8 per ton
CDM,VCS,VER,
CER,GS
Carbonfund
Maryland
Yes
Auto, Air,
Home, or go
100%
ZeroCarbon,
+Business
Renewable Energy, Energy
Efficiency, Methane in US,
Reforestation in Nicaragua,
(you have choice)
Per year bulk
prices start at
$4.50
GeE,
ERT, CCBS,VCS,
GS,EPA
CarbonCounter
CarbonTrust
Oregon
Yes
Home,Auto,Air,
+Business,
Events,
Employees,
Large
Emitters
Truck Stop Electrification,
Wind, Efficiency, Forest
Management and
Reforestation, Carpool
Matching in NorthWest, US
$12 per ton
Third Party
Verification
CarbonNeutral
UK+
No
Businesses,
Orgs,Individual
Renewable Energy,
Resource Conservation,
Waste Reduction, Forestry
Worldwide
Priced Per
Event in Pounds
Third Party
Verification,sell
GS, VCS, VER and
CER
Certified Clean
Car
California
No
Auto
Clean Power Generation
through Green-e or CCX
$13
GeE, CCX
Clean Air Pass
Canada
No
Auto, Air,
Home, Zero
Carbon,
+ Businesses,
Events
Methane, Reforestation,
Tire Recycling in Canada
$18 Canadian
Not Listed.
Climate Care
UK
No
Air, Auto,
Home, +Business
Biomass, Wind, Hydro,
Efficiency in Developing
Countries
£9 per ton
GS CDM,VCS,
GS VER
Climate Save
Massachusetts
Yes,
but
not a
charity
Travel, Office,
Events, Home,
No Calculator.
New Wind and Solar
(they do not state where)
660 pound
block of CO2
for $8.75 a
month
GeE,
Third Party
Verification
co2balance
UK+
No
Business,
Travel, Home
Worldwide renewable
energy and energy
efficiency projects
From $10 per
ton
GS VER
Conservation
Fund Go Zero
Virginia
Yes
Home, Auto, Air
Reforestation in US
$ 5 per ton
Conservation
Fund Projects
e-BlueHorizons
Massachusetts
No,
but
give
50% to
charity
Individual and
organizations
Methane Projects in New
England
$ 5 per ton
ERT
Envirotrade
UK
 
Car,Home
perAnnum,Air
per flight
Biosequestration linked to
land use change in
Mozambique, Bhutan, Africa
£6.50 per ton
PlanVivo
written by farmer
Less
Canada
No,
10% to
charity
Air or by the
ton
4.5MW Biomass-Based
Renewable Power Plant in
India
$40 per ton
Canadian
GS CDM
Third Party
Verification,
EcoLogo-certified
Live Neutral
California
Yes
Air, Auto,
Home or by the
ton
Energy Efficiency
thru Chicago Climate
Exchange
$9 per ton
CCX
Third Party
Verification
Native Energy
Vermont
No
Home, Car,
Air, Events,
Business
Wind, Methane,Hydro
for Native Americans,
farmers
(you have choice)
$12
Third Party
Verification,CDM
GeE
For Business;CDM
GS,VERs,
VCS
SELF (Solar
Electric Light
Fund)
WashDC
Yes
Per Ton
Solar electrification
projects in more than
fifteen developing nations
$10 per ton
Own Projects
Sustainable
Travel
International
(MyClimate)
Colorado, US+
Yes
Auto, Home,
Travel,Gifts
Renewables, Energy
Efficiency, Reforestation in
Developing Countries
$12-$35
depending on
project
CDM GS,
GeE, CCBS
TerraPass
California
No
Air, Auto,
Home, Business
Methane and Wind in US
$11 per ton
CRS, CCX
Third Party
Verification
Tist
Oklahoma
Yes
per ton
CO2e offsets, created by
subsistence farmers in East
Africa and India, you chose
the country
$8.50
Clean Air Action
Corporation
(CAAC)
Carbon Offset Providers
offer Verified Carbon Offsets, aka Verified Emissions Reductions (VERs), which are claimed
reductions in carbon emissions (balanced against carbon emissions) that are audited by an
independent third party and satisfy a particular criteria established for regulatory purposes or by a
voluntary offset certifier.
A Verified Emission Reduction (VER) is a reduction of one ton of greenhouse gas carbon equivalent.
*Certifiers
CCAR
California Climate Action Registry
www.climateregistry.org/
 Climate Action Reserve is a program of the California
Registry, a private non-profit, which tracks and registers
voluntary projects that reduce emissions of GHGs. Has
developed credible, accurate, and consistent GHG
reporting standards and tools for organizations to measure,
monitor, third-party verify and reduce their GHG
emissions consistently across industry sectors and
geographical borders.
CCBS
Climate, Community & Biodiversity
Standards
www.climate-standards.org
 Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance has
developed voluntary standards to help design and identify
land management projects that simultaneously minimize
climate change, support sustainable development and
conserve biodiversity.
CCX
Chicago Climate Exchange
www.chicagoclimatex.com/cont
ent.jsf?id=23
 Chicago Climate Exchange is currently North America’s
largest voluntary “cap-and-trade” program. See CCX
Rulebook.
CDM
CDM (CERs) Developing countries
cdm.unfccc.int/index.html
 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Predominantly large scale projects that are UN backed.
Projects undergo rigorous bureaucratic board procedures.
CER
Certified Emission Reductions
 The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) market, a
trading scheme set up during the Kyoto Protocol, allows
companies from rich nations to invest in clean energy
projects in developing countries and in exchange they
receive Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), which they
have the option of using toward their emissions targets or
selling for a profit.
CR
Climate Registry
www.theclimateregistry.org/
 The Climate Registry is a nonprofit North American
partnership developing an accurate, complete, consistent
and transparent greenhouse gas emissions measurement
protocol that is capable of supporting voluntary and
mandatory greenhouse gas emission reporting policies for
its Members and Reporters. It will provide a verified set
of greenhouse gas emissions data from its Reporters
supported by a robust accounting and verification
infrastructure."
CRS
Center for Resource Solutions
www.resource-solutions.org
 CRS, a nonprofit,  designs policies, identifies best
practices and creates implementation tools that promote
renewable energy generation and ensures validity.
DOE
US Dept of Energy.
www.pi.energy.gov/enhancingG
HGregistry/generalguidelines.html
 Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program, U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Policy and International
Affairs.  General Guidelines for the Voluntary Reporting of
Greenhouse Gases (1605(b)) Program first published in the
Federal Register April 2006, corrected Jan 2007.
EPA
EPA's Climate Leaders program
http://www.epa.gov/stateply/
 Climate Leaders is an EPA industry-government partnership
that works with companies to develop comprehensive
climate change strategies.
ERT
Environmental Resources Trust
www.ert.net
 ERT built the world's first private non-profit emissions
registry in 1997. Rigorous but streamlined process to
enable cost-effective registration of high quality GHG
inventories and Verified Emission Reductions.''
GeE
Green-e Energy
www.green-e.org
 Green-e Renewable Energy Certification Program
administered by the Center for Resource Solutions, a
nonprofit,  is a voluntary certification program that sets
consumer-protection and environmental-integrity
standards for greenhouse gas(GHG) emission reductions
sold in the voluntary market. Green-e Energy is the
nation's leading independent certification and verification
program for renewable energy.
GS
Gold Standard***
www.cdmgoldstandard.org/
Used for both UN backed programs and
voluntary credits
 The Gold Standard is a non-profit foundation initiated by
WWF, SSN and Helio International, launched in 2003. Gold
Standard offers a quality label (higher sustainable
development credentials than required by the CDM rules)
to CDM/JI and voluntary offset projects and is supported
by a group of 51 NGOs/charitable organizations. Hosted by
a UNEP Collaborating Centre.
GS
CDM
Gold Standard Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM)
cdm.unfccc.int/index.html
 Kyoto-UN Backed.  Backed by 50+ NGOs/charities.
Predominantly large scale projects like CDM but with
strong focus on GHG at its source, sustainable
development and community projects in developing
countries.
GS
VERs
Gold Standard Voluntary
www.cdmgoldstandard.org/
Countries without a Kyoto target
 Backed by 50+ NGOs/charities. Rigorous high quality
standards for the voluntary market. Based on CDM but
without needing board authority. Marketplace for GS
Offset Providers.
VERs
Verified Emission Reductions
Also referred to as Voluntary Emission
Reductions.
A unit of emission reductions that has been verified by an
independent auditor to a recognised standard. A one unit
reduction is equivalent to one ton of CO2 greenhouse gas.
VCS
Voluntary Carbon Standard
www.v-c-s.org
 Voluntary Carbon Standard was initiated by The Climate
Group, the International Emissions Trading Association and
the World Economic Forum in late 2005. Rigorous but
appropriate voluntary market standard.
Listing of Carbon Offset Providers, carbon offset companies, offset projects, carbon offset price comparisons, carbon offset
certifiers and carbon offset projects.
Reports: (see also carbon mkts page)

www.ieagreen.org.uk/glossies/Carbon%20Offs
ets%20(web).pdf
 International Energy Agency.  This report discusses
the advantages and disadvantages of voluntary carbon
offsets as a mechanism for reducing GHG emissions. It
defines offsets and explains what makes a ‘quality
offset’. It describes the various standards for offsets,
explains how the market operates, and lists the main
providers and purchasers.
www.pewclimate.org/docUploads/OQI-Ensuri
ng-Offset-Quality-white-paper.pdf
 Pew Center.  "Ensuring Offset Quality, Integrating High
Quality Green House Gas Offsets into North American Cap
and Trade Policy" Offset Quality Initiative offers
policymakers practical recommendations for the
integration of greenhouse gas offsets into emerging
regulatory systems at the state, regional and federal
levels. (July 2008)
Additionality
means that a project would 'not' have gone ahead without carbon credit funding.
If a project is financially viable without carbon financing, it is not considered additional.
Prices differ due to the company, quality and location of the offset credit.